Ancient Byzantine Monastery Reveals Daily Life Before Arab Conquest

An ancient Christian monastic complex was recently uncovered in Egypt — shedding new light on monastic life in Upper Egypt during the Byzantine era.

The Egyptian Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities announced the find Jan. 6.

In a statement translated from Arabic to English, the ministry said the complex was found at the Al-Qarya archaeological site, in the village of Al-Duwair in the Sohag Governorate.

At the site, archaeologists found the remains of “a fully integrated residential complex for monks dating back to the Byzantine period,” the statement said.

“The discovery was made during ongoing excavation work at the site and includes the remains of buildings constructed of mudbrick.”

In Egypt, the Byzantine era lasted from roughly the 4th century A.D. until 641 A.D., the beginning of the Arab conquest.

Archaeological remains of a Christian monastic complex in Egypt.
A Christian monastic complex recently discovered in Egypt is shedding light on monastic life during the Byzantine era

Archaeologists also uncovered a mudbrick building extending from west to east, measuring roughly 26 by 23 feet to 46 by 26 feet, officials said.

“These structures include rectangular halls, some containing what appears to be an eastern niche or apse used for worship, as well as a number of small rooms with vaulted ceilings, likely used as cells and spaces for monks’ devotion,” the ministry said.

Excavated ancient Christian monastic complex in Al-Qarya, Egypt.
“These structures include rectangular halls, some containing what appears to be an eastern niche or apse used for worship, as well as a number of small rooms,” the Egyptian Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities said

The discovery provides “new information… on monastic life in Upper Egypt during the Byzantine era.”

The buildings were used for a variety of purposes, from mealtimes to “industrial activities” that kept the site running.

“Some buildings are distinguished by the presence of courtyards on the southern side containing entrances, in addition to the remains of small circular structures believed to have been used as dining tables for the monks.”